Inflammation
- Notch4 activation aggravates NF-κB-mediated inflammation in HIV-1-associated nephropathy
Summary: Notch4 activation contributes to the inflammation seen in HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), and inhibition of Notch4 ameliorates inflammation and prolongs life in a mouse model of HIVAN.
- Tenophages: a novel macrophage-like tendon cell population expressing CX3CL1 and CX3CR1
Summary: Here, we demonstrate the presence of a macrophage-like, CX3CL1/CX3CR1-expressing tendon cell population within the healthy tendon proper, which potentially fulfills a surveillance function.
- Glucocorticoids inhibit macrophage differentiation towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype upon wounding without affecting their migration
Summary: In a zebrafish model for inflammation, glucocorticoids do not affect the migration of macrophages, but inhibit their differentiation towards an M1 phenotype, by strongly attenuating transcriptional responses in these cells.
- Modelling pancreatic β-cell inflammation in zebrafish identifies the natural product wedelolactone for human islet protection
Summary: A model of islet inflammation in zebrafish exhibits functional β-cell silencing and a lack of glucose responsiveness. A natural compound that rescues the glucose defect in zebrafish can protect human islets from inflammation.
- Targeting ulcerative colitis by suppressing glucose uptake with ritonavir
Summary: Insights into immuno-metabolism open up new avenues for therapeutic intervention. The study presented here suggests that inhibition of glucose suppresses inflammation in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis.
- Pathogenic and non-pathogenic Escherichia coli colonization and host inflammatory response in a defined microbiota mouse model
Summary: Mice harboring a defined microbiota of the altered Schaedler flora were identified as a reliable tool to assess prolonged Escherichia coli intestinal colonization and activation of the host inflammatory response.
- Cooperation of loss of NKX3.1 and inflammation in prostate cancer initiation
Summary: Chronic inflammation collaborates with loss of function of the prostate-specific tumor-suppressor NKX3.1 to promote prostate cancer initiation, increase cellular plasticity and impair cellular differentiation.
- Immune regulation of metastasis: mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities
Summary: In this Review and accompanying poster, we discuss the dual role of the immune system in metastasis and summarize promising therapeutic strategies to target tumor-immune interactions.
- The relationship between sex hormones, the vaginal microbiome and immunity in HIV-1 susceptibility in women
Summary: A better understanding of the sex-hormone–microbiome–immunity axis can provide key information about the determinants of HIV-1 susceptibility in the female genital tract and consequently inform HIV-1 prevention strategies.
- Dissecting recipient from donor contribution in experimental kidney transplantation: focus on endothelial proliferation and inflammation
Summary: Using experimental kidney transplantation, we dissected donor graft from recipient environment effects, focusing on the endothelium and inflammation. These results can direct strategies to improve graft survival after suboptimal transplantation.