Inflammation
- Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: current concepts from bench to bedside
Summary: Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is a rare disease characterised by progressive heterotopic bone formation. Here, we present a comprehensive summary of the recent literature on this debilitating condition and discuss approaches to solving this clinical puzzle.
- A novel Cre-enabled tetracycline-inducible transgenic system for tissue-specific cytokine expression in the zebrafish: CETI-PIC3
Summary: Here, we report a novel transgenic zebrafish system that permits tissue-specific, inducible and tunable expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines for modeling inflammatory diseases.
- Genetic activation of Nrf2 reduces cutaneous symptoms in a murine model of Netherton syndrome
Summary: Nrf2 activation ameliorates the epidermal barrier defect and cutaneous inflammation in a mouse model of Netherton syndrome, suggesting the utility of NRF2-activating compounds in patients with this genetic disease.
- DnaJ-PKAc fusion induces liver inflammation in a zebrafish model of fibrolamellar carcinoma
Summary: Inflammation and Caspase-a activation occur early in a new zebrafish model for fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC). Pharmacological inhibition of TNFα secretion and caspase-1 might be useful approaches to treat FLC patients.
- Arx expansion mutation perturbs cortical development by augmenting apoptosis without activating innate immunity in a mouse model of X-linked infantile spasms syndrome
Editor's choice: We found non-cell-autonomous apoptosis and fewer Arx+ interneurons in neonatal neocortex of an X-linked infantile spasms syndrome Arx expansion model. Early estradiol therapy rescued Arx+ interneuron density, but did not prevent apoptosis.
- Biomarkers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: myonecrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress
Summary: This Review discusses biomarkers in blood and urine linked to myonecrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, to enhance development of therapies for DMD, and the challenges to be overcome for clinical translation.
- Notch4 activation aggravates NF-κB-mediated inflammation in HIV-1-associated nephropathy
Summary: Notch4 activation contributes to the inflammation seen in HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), and inhibition of Notch4 ameliorates inflammation and prolongs life in a mouse model of HIVAN.
- Tenophages: a novel macrophage-like tendon cell population expressing CX3CL1 and CX3CR1
Summary: Here, we demonstrate the presence of a macrophage-like, CX3CL1/CX3CR1-expressing tendon cell population within the healthy tendon proper, which potentially fulfills a surveillance function.
- Glucocorticoids inhibit macrophage differentiation towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype upon wounding without affecting their migration
Summary: In a zebrafish model for inflammation, glucocorticoids do not affect the migration of macrophages, but inhibit their differentiation towards an M1 phenotype, by strongly attenuating transcriptional responses in these cells.
- Modelling pancreatic β-cell inflammation in zebrafish identifies the natural product wedelolactone for human islet protection
Summary: A model of islet inflammation in zebrafish exhibits functional β-cell silencing and a lack of glucose responsiveness. A natural compound that rescues the glucose defect in zebrafish can protect human islets from inflammation.