Inflammation
- Alcoholic hepatitis and metabolic disturbance in female mice: a more tractable model than Nrf2−/− animals
Summary: We describe a simple murine model of alcoholic hepatitis (AH) to induce injury that recreates many of the key features of AH in human, without the need of challenging surgical procedures to administer ethanol. This will be valuable for testing new therapeutic treatments.
- 3D quantification of changes in pancreatic islets in mouse models of diabetes type I and II
Summary: We report a 3D quantitative imaging platform (using light-sheet fluorescence microscopy) that can reveal changes in beta cell volume and proliferation, and leukocyte infiltration in pancreata in mouse models of diabetes.
- Akkermansia muciniphila promotes type H vessel formation and bone fracture healing by reducing gut permeability and inflammation
Summary: Akkermansia muciniphila reduces intestinal permeability and alleviates inflammation, inducing more PDGF-BB+ preosteoclasts and type H vessel formation in callus, thus promoting bone fracture healing.
- Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: current concepts from bench to bedside
Summary: Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is a rare disease characterised by progressive heterotopic bone formation. Here, we present a comprehensive summary of the recent literature on this debilitating condition and discuss approaches to solving this clinical puzzle.
- A novel Cre-enabled tetracycline-inducible transgenic system for tissue-specific cytokine expression in the zebrafish: CETI-PIC3
Summary: Here, we report a novel transgenic zebrafish system that permits tissue-specific, inducible and tunable expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines for modeling inflammatory diseases.
- Genetic activation of Nrf2 reduces cutaneous symptoms in a murine model of Netherton syndrome
Summary: Nrf2 activation ameliorates the epidermal barrier defect and cutaneous inflammation in a mouse model of Netherton syndrome, suggesting the utility of NRF2-activating compounds in patients with this genetic disease.
- DnaJ-PKAc fusion induces liver inflammation in a zebrafish model of fibrolamellar carcinoma
Summary: Inflammation and Caspase-a activation occur early in a new zebrafish model for fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC). Pharmacological inhibition of TNFα secretion and caspase-1 might be useful approaches to treat FLC patients.
- Arx expansion mutation perturbs cortical development by augmenting apoptosis without activating innate immunity in a mouse model of X-linked infantile spasms syndrome
Editor's choice: We found non-cell-autonomous apoptosis and fewer Arx+ interneurons in neonatal neocortex of an X-linked infantile spasms syndrome Arx expansion model. Early estradiol therapy rescued Arx+ interneuron density, but did not prevent apoptosis.
- Biomarkers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: myonecrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress
Summary: This Review discusses biomarkers in blood and urine linked to myonecrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, to enhance development of therapies for DMD, and the challenges to be overcome for clinical translation.
- Notch4 activation aggravates NF-κB-mediated inflammation in HIV-1-associated nephropathy
Summary: Notch4 activation contributes to the inflammation seen in HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), and inhibition of Notch4 ameliorates inflammation and prolongs life in a mouse model of HIVAN.