Humanized mouse
- Medroxyprogesterone acetate alters the vaginal microbiota and microenvironment in women and increases susceptibility to HIV-1 in humanized mice
Summary: MPA may increase susceptibility to HIV-1 in sex workers through the suppression of endogenous estrogen, reducing vaginal glycogen and α-amylase levels, which increases bacterial diversity, potentially reducing protective bacterial species such as lactobacilli.