Subject collection: Metabolic Disorders
- A comprehensive study of phospholipid fatty acid rearrangements in metabolic syndrome: correlations with organ dysfunction
Summary: In rats, a high-fat diet induces the selective distribution of fatty acids within phosphatidylcholine in the liver and muscles, in a manner that correlates with organ dysfunction. The cardiovascular system appears to be protected under these conditions.
- Novel defatting strategies reduce lipid accumulation in primary human culture models of liver steatosis
Summary: This study describes a defatting cocktail that has been proven to function in three relevant steatotic human culture models without cytotoxicity, and which could be employed in the reduction of steatosis in donor livers during liver transplantation.
- Familial hypercholesterolemia class II low-density lipoprotein receptor response to statin treatment
Editor's choice: Statin-induced upregulation of class II mutant LDLR does not cause acute endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response induction, in spite of misfolded LDLR protein accumulation in the ER.
- Integrated lipidomic and transcriptomic analyses identify altered nerve triglycerides in mouse models of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes
Summary: Mouse models of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes that develop peripheral neuropathy display increased levels of nerve triglycerides, which return to normal upon dietary reversal, suggesting that altered lipids are involved in disease.
- Cell-specific and athero-protective roles for RIPK3 in a murine model of atherosclerosis
Summary: This study reports that RIPK3 in macrophages and endothelial cells protects against atherosclerosis progression in mice, providing novel information about unexpected roles for RIPK3 in an inflammatory vascular disease.
- Ablation of Bscl2/seipin in hepatocytes does not cause metabolic dysfunction in congenital generalised lipodystrophy
Editor's choice: Hepatic Bscl2 ablation in adipose tissue-specific Bscl2 knockout mice does not cause metabolic dysfunction. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing reveals that seipin does not play a cell-autonomous role in regulating hepatocyte lipid accumulation.
- Sodium nitroprusside prevents the detrimental effects of glucose on the neurovascular unit and behaviour in zebrafish
Summary: Diabetes is associated with vascular and neurological impairments. The authors show that an NO donor ameliorates the glucose-exposure-induced dysfunction in the tectal neurovascular unit and whole-organism behaviour.
- A new mouse model of GLUT1 deficiency syndrome exhibits abnormal sleep-wake patterns and alterations of glucose kinetics in the brain
Summary: New phenotypes are revealed by a GLUT1 deficiency mutant mouse model carrying a missense mutation in Glut1.
- Mild maternal hyperglycemia in INSC93S transgenic pigs causes impaired glucose tolerance and metabolic alterations in neonatal offspring
Editor's choice: Mild maternal hyperglycemia causes impaired glucose tolerance and metabolic alterations in wild-type neonatal offspring of INSC93S transgenic pigs, a novel large animal model for mutant INS gene-induced diabetes of youth (MIDY).
- Conserved properties of genetic architecture of renal and fat transcriptomes in rat models of insulin resistance
Summary: Kidney and fat expression QTL mapping in rat models of spontaneously occurring insulin resistance associated with either diabetes or hypertension reveals conserved gene expression regulation, suggesting shared aetiology of disease phenotypes.